Building a silage pit with interlocking concrete blocks offers a durable and efficient solution for forage storage. But how is it done? Below is a general guide with critical information you need to understand before, and during construction.

1. Planning and Preparation

Determine Size and Capacity: 

Calculate the required size of the pit based on the number of livestock, the amount of forage to be stored, and the desired storage period. Consider factors like feed consumption rates and silage density.

Site Selection: 

Choose a well-drained location with good access for machinery. Ensure the site is level or can be easily leveled. Avoid areas prone to flooding or waterlogging.

Obtain Necessary Permits: 

Check with local authorities for any required building permits or environmental approvals.

Clear and Level the Site: 

Remove any vegetation, topsoil, and debris from the site. Level the area using appropriate earthmoving equipment. Compact the ground thoroughly to provide a stable base.

Consult with Experts: 

If you’re unsure about any aspect of the construction process, consult with a structural engineer or experienced contractor.

Follow Manufacturer’s Instructions: 

Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific type of interlocking concrete blocks you are using.

Proper Compaction: 

Proper compaction of the silage is crucial for good preservation. Use appropriate machinery and techniques to achieve optimal compaction.

2. Foundation

Concrete Base (Recommended): 

A concrete base is highly recommended for optimal stability and drainage.

• Excavation: Excavate the area for the concrete base to the desired depth (typically 150-200mm).
• Compaction: Compact the sub-base thoroughly.
• Formwork: Construct formwork to contain the concrete pour.
• Reinforcement (Optional but Recommended): Place reinforcing mesh or rebar within the formwork for added strength.
• Pour Concrete: Pour concrete into the formwork and level it. Ensure a smooth and even surface.
• Curing: Allow the concrete to cure for the recommended time (usually 7-28 days).

Alternative Base (Less Durable): 

A compacted gravel or hardcore base can be used as a less expensive alternative, but it may not provide the same level of stability and drainage as a concrete base.

3. Wall Construction

Block Delivery and Handling: 

Arrange for delivery of the interlocking concrete blocks. Use appropriate lifting equipment (e.g., forklift, crane) to move and position the blocks safely.

First Course: 

Start laying the first course of blocks on the prepared base. Ensure the blocks are level and aligned correctly. Use a spirit level and string line to maintain accuracy.

Interlocking: 

Interlock the blocks according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Most interlocking blocks have a tongue-and-groove or similar system that provides a secure connection.

Subsequent Courses: 

Continue laying subsequent courses of blocks, ensuring each course is level and interlocked with the previous one. Stagger the joints between courses for added strength.

Corners and Joints: 

Pay special attention to corners and joints. Use corner blocks or cut blocks as needed to create a tight and secure structure.

Wall Height: 

Build the walls to the desired height. Consider the height of the machinery that will be used to fill and empty the pit.

4. Sealing and Finishing

Joint Sealing (Recommended): 

Seal the joints between the blocks with a suitable sealant to prevent air and water infiltration. This is especially important for the bottom courses and any joints that may be exposed to silage effluent.

Wall Protection (Optional but Recommended): 

Consider applying a protective coating to the inside of the walls to protect them from silage acids and abrasion.

Drainage: 

Ensure proper drainage around the pit to prevent water from accumulating. This may involve installing drainage pipes or creating a sloping surface away from the pit.

5. Safety Considerations

Working at Heights: 

Take necessary precautions when working at heights, such as using safety harnesses and scaffolding.

Lifting Heavy Objects: 

Use appropriate lifting equipment and follow safe lifting practices to prevent injuries.

Site Safety: 

Maintain a clean and organised work site to minimize hazards.

Build a silage pit with concrete blocks